The furnace lining of acid electric arc furnace is acid refractory material, and acid slag is made during steelmaking.Acid electric arc furnace can be used for smelting carbon steel, low alloy steel and certain high alloy steel, but not for smelting high manganese steel.
The steel liquid of acid electric arc furnace is much better than that of alkaline furnace with the same temperature and similar chemical composition, which is very beneficial for making thin-walled castings with complex structure.The main reasons for the good liquidity are that:
(1) The ability of the acid slag to prevent the gas passage is stronger than the alkaline slag, and the steel liquid suction is reduced.
(2) Strong binding ability of acid slag with FeO. When steelmaking in acid electric arc furnace, the FeO content in steel liquid can be reduced very low during reduction.
(3) Less deoxicants are required for reduction, and less deoxygenation products (non-metallic inclusions).
There are three reasons for the low power consumption of acid electric arc furnace steelmaking:
(1) The thermal conductivity of refractory (silicon brick, quartz sand) used in acid arc furnace is about 1 / 4 of alkaline refractory (magnesium brick magnesia), and the heat lost by the furnace body to the outside world is less.
(2) No dephosphorization, desulfurization, smelting time is short.
(3) Less amount of slag, less energy.
Acid refractory material is much cheaper than alkaline refractories, and the furnace lining has a longer service life.
The acid electric arc furnace steelmaking can't remove off the S and P element from liquid steel, so there are strict requirements for raw materials.
